Written by Monica Hemingway and published on https://pruningguide.com/
In good pruning, there are two fundamental types of cuts: thinning cuts and heading cuts. The location of your cut on the plant and its relation to nearby old and young, weak and strong buds and branches determine which type of cut you just made.
It is important to understand that these two types of cuts exist, and second, what response from the plant they provoke. When you read articles or any reference on pruning, directions will tell you to make one kind of cut or the other. Understanding these terms for pruning can be as necessary as knowing what a tablespoon is in cooking.
Types of Pruning Cuts
Basically, there are three types of pruning cuts. Each type of pruning cut is used for a specific purpose.
- Reduction cut
- Removal cut
- Heading cut
Reduction Cuts
This is just what it sounds like – it reduces the length of the branch or stem. The key is that the cut is made just beyond a live lateral branch that’s thinner than the stem you’re cutting.
Reduction Cut – The larger branch has been cut back to a smaller lateral branch.
Removal Cuts
Again, it’s pretty obvious what this pruning cut does – removes a branch or stem entirely. The cut is made just outside the branch collar (the junction where the branch you’re removing is attached to the main trunk or stem).
Heading Cuts
This type of pruning cut is similar to a reduction cut but the cut is made anywhere on the branch or stem, regardless of the position of nearby lateral branches. This usually results in an unsightly, dead stump beyond the first lateral branch.
Heading Cut – The stem has been cut randomly and will likely die back to the ground or put out watersprouts.
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